Here's a good article on what libertarianism is (and isn't). It also takes a look at different libertarian views on, for example, natural resources and property rights. Keep in mind that libertarianism is not a complete moral or aesthetic theory; it is only a political theory.
Libertarianism holds that agents initially fully own themselves and have moral powers to acquire property rights in external things under certain conditions. It is normally advocated as a theory of justice in the sense of the duties that we owe each other. So understood, it is silent about any impersonal duties (i.e., duties owed…